{"id":1177,"date":"2025-03-20T15:45:12","date_gmt":"2025-03-20T15:45:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/daotaotructuyentiengtrung.edu.vn\/index.php\/2025\/03\/20\/2022-gia-khi-cng-khao-sat-toan-dien\/"},"modified":"2025-03-20T15:45:12","modified_gmt":"2025-03-20T15:45:12","slug":"2022-gia-khi-cng-khao-sat-toan-dien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/daotaotructuyentiengtrung.edu.vn\/index.php\/2025\/03\/20\/2022-gia-khi-cng-khao-sat-toan-dien\/","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u00e1 Kh\u00ed CNG: Kh\u1ea3o S\u00e1t To\u00e0n Di\u1ec7n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n Kh\u00ed CNG: Hi\u1ec3u Bi\u1ebft To\u00e0n Di\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/h1>\n

Trong ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u quen thu\u1ed9c nh\u01b0 x\u0103ng v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u diesel th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111i l\u00ean, b\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1 kh\u00ed CNG<\/a><\/strong> (Compressed Natural Gas – kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u00e9p) \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean ng\u00f4i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u thay th\u1ebf b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

1. Kh\u00ed CNG L\u00e0 G\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00ed CNG<\/strong> l\u00e0 kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9n \u1edf \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao (th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb 200-250 bar) v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u1ea3m th\u1ec3 t\u00edch,<\/a> th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n h\u01a1n. H\u1ee3p ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 methane (CH4), m\u1ed9t h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t hydrocarbon c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u00e1c m\u1ecf kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. D\u1ea1ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng giao th\u00f4ng (xe b\u1ed1n b\u00e1nh, xe bu\u00fdt, xe t\u1ea3i) c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

1.1. Quy Tr\u00ecnh S\u1ea3n Xu\u1ea5t Kh\u00ed CNG<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ph\u00ed t\u1ed5n kh\u00ed CNG<\/strong>, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Khai th\u00e1c<\/strong>: Kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o l\u00ean t\u1eeb c\u00e1c m\u1ecf d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 sinh h\u1ecdc.<\/li>\n
  2. Tinh ch\u1ebf<\/strong>: X\u00f3a b\u1ecf v\u1eadt l\u1ea1 nh\u01b0 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, CO2, v\u00e0 H2S kh\u1ecfi kh\u00ed th\u00f4.<\/li>\n
  3. N\u00e9n kh\u00ed<\/strong>: Kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu nh\u1ecf \u1edf \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh kh\u00ed CNG<\/strong>.<\/li>\n
  4. Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i<\/strong>: Giao h\u00e0ng kh\u00ed CNG<\/strong> v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    1.2. \u0110\u1eb7c T\u00ednh N\u1ed5i B\u1eadt C\u1ee7a Kh\u00ed CNG<\/strong><\/h3>\n
      \n
    1. H\u1eefu \u00edch m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong>: Kh\u00ed CNG<\/strong> ph\u00f3ng ra \u00edt kh\u00ed CO2, NOX v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi x\u0103ng v\u00e0 diesel.<\/li>\n
    2. Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m kinh t\u1ebf<\/strong>: Gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n kh\u00ed CNG<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3m h\u01a1n nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed ch\u1ea1y.<\/li>\n
    3. B\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cao<\/strong>: Nh\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u00e1y cao h\u01a1n x\u0103ng, kh\u00ed CNG<\/strong> th\u1ea5p nguy c\u01a1 ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5, l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      2. B\u00e1o gi\u00e1 Kh\u00ed CNG: \u0110\u1ed9ng L\u1ef1c \u1ea2nh H\u01b0\u1edfng V\u00e0 C\u00e1ch T\u00ednh<\/strong><\/h2>\n

      <\/p>\n

      B\u00e1o gi\u00e1 kh\u00ed CNG<\/a><\/strong> tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng khi d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng lo\u1ea1i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1.<\/p>\n

      2.1. C\u00e1c Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Di\u1ec7n T\u00e1c \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0110\u1ebfn Gi\u00e1 ti\u1ec1n Kh\u00ed CNG<\/strong><\/h3>\n
        \n
      1. Gi\u00e1 kh\u00ed th\u00f4<\/strong>: Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng theo th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb.<\/li>\n
      2. Chi ph\u00ed kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi<\/strong>: Li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn thu th\u1eadp, tinh ch\u1ebf, \u00e9p kh\u00ed, v\u00e0 lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00ed CNG<\/strong> \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n
      3. Thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 ph\u00ed<\/strong>: Quy t\u1eafc thu\u1ebf \u1edf t\u1eebng t\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c khu v\u1ef1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/li>\n
      4. C\u1ea1nh tranh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong>: S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c n\u00e2ng cao m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 kh\u00ed CNG<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        2.2. C\u00e1ch T\u00ednh Gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n Kh\u00ed CNG<\/strong><\/h3>\n

        M\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 kh\u00ed CNG<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo th\u1ec3 t\u00edch kh\u00ed (m\u00b3) ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed. \u0110\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t v\u1edbi x\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c diesel, gi\u00e1 r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh theo \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c kho\u1ea3ng di chuy\u1ec3n. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n:<\/p>\n

        Chi ph\u0131\u02ca s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng|v\u1eadn ha\u02cbnh|tie\u02c6u th\u1ee5|ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng|du\u02cbng|duy tr\u0131\u02cb=Gia\u02ca|Ba\u02cao gia\u02ca|B\u1ea3ng gia\u02ca|Gia\u02ca ba\u02can|Chi ph\u0131\u02ca|M\u1ee9c gia\u02ca|Gia\u02ca c\u1ea3|Ph\u0131\u02ca t\u1ed5n|Gia\u02ca tr\u1ecb|Gia\u02ca tha\u02cbnh|Gia\u02ca tie\u02c6\u02cbn|\u0110\u1ecbnh gia\u02ca kh\u0131\u02ca CNGHi\u1ec7u sua\u02c6\u02cat nhie\u02c6n li\u1ec7u|na\u02d8ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng|tie\u02c6u th\u1ee5|ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng|s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng|v\u1eadn ha\u02cbnh\u00d7Qua\u02dcng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\\textChi ph\u00ed ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng = \\frac\\textGi\u00e1 ti\u1ec1n kh\u00ed CNG\\textHi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \\times \\textQu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddngChi ph\u0131\u02ca s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng|v\u1eadn ha\u02cbnh|tie\u02c6u th\u1ee5|ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng|du\u02cbng|duy tr\u0131\u02cb=Hi\u1ec7u sua\u02c6\u02cat nhie\u02c6n li\u1ec7u|na\u02d8ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng|tie\u02c6u th\u1ee5|ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng|s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng|v\u1eadn ha\u02cbnhGia\u02ca|Ba\u02cao gia\u02ca|B\u1ea3ng gia\u02ca|Gia\u02ca ba\u02can|Chi ph\u0131\u02ca|M\u1ee9c gia\u02ca|Gia\u02ca c\u1ea3|Ph\u0131\u02ca t\u1ed5n|Gia\u02ca tr\u1ecb|Gia\u02ca tha\u02cbnh|Gia\u02ca tie\u02c6\u02cbn|\u0110\u1ecbnh gia\u02ca kh\u0131\u02ca CNG\u200b\u00d7Qua\u02dcng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\u0110\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung: N\u1ebfu gi\u00e1 kh\u00ed CNG<\/a><\/strong> l\u00e0 13.000 VND\/m\u00b3, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 12 km\/m\u00b3, v\u00e0 qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 120 km, chi ph\u00ed s\u1ebd l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

        Chi ph\u0131\u02ca=13.00012\u00d7120\u2248130.000\u2009VND\\textChi ph\u00ed = \\frac13.00012 \\times 120 \\approx 130.000 \\, \\textVNDChi ph\u0131\u02ca=1213.000\u200b\u00d7120\u2248130.000VND<\/h2>\n

        <\/p>\n

        3. Ph\u1ea9m Ch\u1ea5t Khi V\u1eadn D\u1ee5ng Kh\u00ed CNG<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Kh\u00ed CNG<\/strong> kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao.<\/p>\n

        <\/p>\n

        3.1. Thu G\u1ecdn Chi Ph\u00ed Di Chuy\u1ec3n<\/strong><\/h3>\n

        Gi\u00e1 kh\u00ed CNG<\/a><\/strong> thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n x\u0103ng v\u00e0 diesel t\u1eeb 30-50%, ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u00edch l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c xe t\u1ea3i d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

        <\/p>\n

        3.2. Che Ch\u1edf M\u00f4i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/h3>\n

        Kh\u00ed CNG<\/strong> ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

        3.3. Gia T\u0103ng Tu\u1ed5i Th\u1ecd \u0110\u1ed9ng C\u01a1<\/strong><\/h3>\n

        V\u1edbi thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh s\u1ea1ch, kh\u00ed CNG<\/a><\/strong> th\u1ea5p g\u00e2y ra m\u00e0i m\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, kh\u00f4ng sinh ra c\u1eb7n b\u1ea9n, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ed7 m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n

        <\/p>\n

        4. K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/h2>\n

        Gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 kh\u00ed CNG<\/a><\/strong> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y. Do c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng,<\/a> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng,<\/a> kh\u00ed CNG<\/strong> ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

        Hy v\u1ecdng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 chia s\u1ebb cho b\u1ea1n s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1<\/a> kh\u00ed CNG<\/strong>!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n Kh\u00ed CNG: Hi\u1ec3u Bi\u1ebft To\u00e0n Di\u1ec7n Trong ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u quen thu\u1ed9c nh\u01b0 x\u0103ng v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u diesel th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111i l\u00ean, b\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1 kh\u00ed CNG (Compressed Natural Gas – kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u00e9p) \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean ng\u00f4i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1177","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-khong-phan-loai"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/daotaotructuyentiengtrung.edu.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1177","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/daotaotructuyentiengtrung.edu.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/daotaotructuyentiengtrung.edu.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daotaotructuyentiengtrung.edu.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daotaotructuyentiengtrung.edu.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1177"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/daotaotructuyentiengtrung.edu.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1177\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/daotaotructuyentiengtrung.edu.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1177"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daotaotructuyentiengtrung.edu.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1177"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daotaotructuyentiengtrung.edu.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1177"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}